Usually when working with the Node fs module you need to decide between using the synchronous methods or the asynchronous methods with callbacks. The synchronous version could look like this:

import fs from 'fs'
const files = fs.readdirSync(path.join(process.cwd(), 'content'))

and the asynchronous version could look like this:

import fs from 'fs'
const files = fs.readdir(path.join(process.cwd(), 'content'), (err, files) => { ... }

I've always seen developers recommend using the asynchronous version for performance reasons (non-blocking), however many still reach for the synchronous version to avoid callback hell and because it's easier to reason about.

I recently learned that as of Node 12 a Promise version of the functions is available as part of the standard library. You could use this in combination with async/await for a version that is non-blocking and easy to reason about. The best of aspects of both.

import { promises as fs } from 'fs'

const files = await fs.readdir(path.join(process.cwd(), 'content'))